19世纪下半叶 ,在长江中下游和运河流域 ,以哥老会、青帮为主体的秘密会党迅速崛起。究其原因 ,主要是 :太平天国失败后 ,苏、浙、皖三省人口锐减 ,大批外来客民迁入 ,哥老会等秘密会党随之蔓延 ;太平天国失败前后 ,长江流域充斥着大量的散兵游勇 ,对这一区域秘密社会势力的壮大有着特别重要的意义 ;江淮地区盐枭与会党势力的融合与勾串 ,也是会党势力崛起不可忽视的因素。 In the second half of the 19th century, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and in the canyon watershed, the secret societies with Colombian and Green Gangs as their main bodies emerged rapidly. The main reasons are as follows: After the defeat of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the population of the three provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui plunged and a large number of foreign tourists moved in. The secret clubs such as the Presbyterian Church spread subsequently. Before and after the defeat of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Yangtze River valley was flooded with a large number of scattered warriors. The growth of the secret social forces in this region is of particular significance. The integration and linkage of the salt lords in the Jianghuai region and the forces in the party are also factors that can not be ignored in the rise of the party forces.