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以耐弱光性不同的冬小麦品种扬麦158(耐弱光品种)和扬麦11(不耐弱光品种)为材料,研究了拔节至成熟期遮光对小麦籽粒产量、植株氮素代谢及籽粒和面团品质的影响.结果表明:拔节至成熟期遮光22%和33%时,扬麦158和扬麦11籽粒产量分别比对照下降4.1%～9.9%和15.3%～25.8%;而小麦籽粒蛋白质产量分别下降3.0%～8.3%和10.4%～14.1%,且随着遮光程度的加重,小麦籽粒氮素积累对花后氮素积累的依赖性增强.遮光条件下各营养器官中花前贮存氮素转运量均下降,但叶片氮素转运效率(RENP)上升,从而补偿了茎鞘、穗壳中RENP的下降,因此营养器官总RENP未受遮光条件的显著影响.拔节至成熟期遮光提高了小麦籽粒蛋白质含量,这与弱光下籽粒蛋白质积累量下降幅度小于产量下降幅度所形成的“浓缩效应”有关.弱光对成熟期小麦籽粒清蛋白和球蛋白含量无显著影响,但显著提高了醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白含量,导致小麦湿面筋含量、面团形成时间和稳定时间提高,面团弱化度降低.
The effects of shading from jointing stage to maturing stage on the grain yield, nitrogen metabolism and grain weight of wheat were studied with two different winter wheat cultivars Yangmai 158 (resistant to weak light) and Yangmai 11 (not resistant to weak light) The results showed that the grain yield of Yangmai 158 and Yangmai 11 decreased by 4.1% ~ 9.9% and 15.3% ~ 25.8%, respectively, compared with the control at the time of 22% and 33% The yield decreased by 3.0% -8.3% and 10.4% -14.1%, respectively, and with the increase of shading, the nitrogen accumulation in wheat grain increased the post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation.Flowering pre-anthesis stored nitrogen (RENP) increased, thus compensating for the decrease of RENP in stem, sheath and panicle, thus the total RENP in vegetative organs was not significantly affected by shading conditions.The shading increased from jointing to maturing The grain protein content of wheat was related to the “concentration effect” formed by the decrease of grain protein accumulation under low light and yield decline.Light light had no significant effect on the grain albumin and globulin content in mature wheat, but significant Improved gummy egg And glutenin protein, resulting in wheat gluten content, dough time and settling time increase, the degree of weakening the dough decrease.