成熟期的马克思对宗教的看法已经不再停留于“宗教是人民的鸦片”的表述,而是从历史唯物主义的视角揭示宗教存在的历史背景与条件,认为宗教是对社会物质生产的一种反映,是一种没有自主意识的意识形态,宗教在共产主义社会将如同其他社会意识形态一样趋于消亡。马克思对宗教的很多评论都富有理论的洞察力和启发性,但是,如果把宗教仅仅定性为社会缺陷的反映,则无法穷尽宗教的意义和重要性。 Mature Marx’s view of religion is no longer in the “religious is the opium ” of the people, but from the perspective of historical materialism to reveal the historical background and conditions of religious existence, that religion is the material production of society One reflection is an ideology without autonomy, and religion in the communist society tends to die out like any other social ideology. Many of Marx’s comments on religion are rich in theoretical insight and inspiration, but religious definition and significance can not be exhausted if religion is merely characterized as a reflection of social imperfections.