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在相同线能量条件下对E36高强钢和304奥氏体不锈钢进行了激光对焊。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线仪(XRD)对焊接接头的形貌,金相组织进行了分析,并对焊缝的显微硬度和抗拉强度进行了评价。结果表明:焊接线能量和激光功率密度同时对焊接接头的宏观形貌起着决定性作用。焊接速度对焊接接头的微观晶粒形态影响较大。焊缝主要是由马氏体组织和少量碳化物组成。304侧熔合区的组织主要是由奥氏体和少量δ-铁素体组成,E36侧热影响区生成了板条马氏体、贝氏体和铁素体组织。激光功率为1 k W时,焊缝硬度较其他条件低且拉伸试样在焊缝处断裂,而其他试样均在E36基体上断裂。
Laser butt welding of E36 high strength steel and 304 austenitic stainless steel under the same line energy conditions. The morphology and microstructure of the welded joints were analyzed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microhardness and tensile strength of the welded joints were also evaluated. The results show that the welding line energy and laser power density play a decisive role on the macro-morphology of the welded joint. The welding speed has a great influence on the microstructure of the welded joints. The weld is mainly composed of martensite and a small amount of carbides. The microstructure of the 304 side fusion zone consists mainly of austenite and a small amount of δ-ferrite, and lath martensite, bainite and ferrite are formed in the E36 heat affected zone. At a laser power of 1 kw, the weld hardness was lower than the other conditions and the tensile specimens fractured at the weld, while the other specimens were all fractured on the E36 substrate.