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目前,对耐青霉素肺炎双球菌脑膜炎患者及耐氨噻头孢菌素、耐头孢三嗪噻肟肺炎双球菌脑膜炎患儿多用氯霉素治疗.在非洲南部儿童中,氯霉素对耐青霉素脑膜炎致病菌株的杀菌活性大为降低,而使该病发病率和死亡率均有上升.为评价该状况是否具有地区性,作者从1992年在达拉斯儿童医疗中心治疗患儿的血液和脑脊液分离菌中选用16株耐青霉素菌株和20株青霉素敏感菌株,测定了氯霉素的最小抑菌浓度(MICs)和最小杀菌浓度(MBCs).用2个耐青霉素菌株进行的定时杀菌研究表明,青霉素、头孢三嗪噻肟和氯霉素的MICs分别为1ug/mL、1ug/mL和2ug/mL.但氯霉素对菌株1和2的MBCs则为2ug/mL和16ug/mL.16株耐青霉素菌株中,3株耐氯霉素(MICs16ug/mL),13株氯霉素敏感菌株中有9株(69%)氯霉素的MBCs达8ug/mL以上.而所有20株青霉素敏感株均对氯霉素敏感,其MBCs无一超过8ug/mL(P<0.001,Fisher辨别).氯霉素对两组菌的MICs和柯尔
At present, the penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis and resistant to cephalothin, cefotiam tetracycline pneumococcal meningitis more chloramphenicol treatment in children in southern Africa, chloramphenicol penicillin-resistant The bactericidal activity of meningitis-causing strains has been greatly reduced, leading to an increase in the morbidity and mortality of the disease.In order to assess whether this condition is regional, the authors studied children’s blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the Children’s Medical Center in Dallas in 1992 Sixteen strains of penicillin-resistant and 20 strains of penicillin were selected as isolates, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBCs) of chloramphenicol were determined.These two strains of penicillin- The MICs of penicillin, ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol were 1ug / mL, 1ug / mL and 2ug / mL, respectively. However, MBCs of strains 1 and 2 were 2ug / mL and 16ug / mL respectively Among the penicillin-resistant strains, 3 strains were resistant to chloramphenicol (MICs16ug / mL) and 9 strains (69%) of chloramphenicol-sensitive strains were over 8ug / mL. All 20 strains of penicillin- Were all sensitive to chloramphenicol, and none of their MBCs exceeded 8 ug / mL (P <0.001, Fisher discrimination) MICs two groups of bacteria and Cole