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1引言 萜类是植物的花、果、叶中所提取的挥发油中的主要成分,许多萜类化合物对哺乳动物并没有剧毒,因此在某种程度上已应用于医疗中。在工业上,它们也被用作人造调味品、防腐剂及香精的生产和颜料溶剂。虽然,萜类有多种多样的结构,但根据碳骨架系统中含5个碳的异戊二烯单元的数目,可把它们分成几大类。其中最简单的一类为单萜类,是由二个异戊二烯单元结合而成的一类化合物。
1 Introduction Terpenoids are the main components of the volatile oil extracted from flowers, fruits and leaves of plants. Many terpenoids are not highly toxic to mammals and are therefore used to some extent in the medical field. In the industry, they are also used as artificial condiments, preservatives and fragrances for the production and pigment solvents. Although terpenoids have a wide variety of structures, depending on the number of 5-carbon isoprene units in the carbon backbone system, they can be divided into several broad categories. The simplest of these is monoterpenes, a class of compounds that combine two isoprene units.