目的:观察过伸牵引弹性按压法联合二次球囊扩张PKP治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的临床效果。方法:选取2013年1月至2015年1月因骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折于本院治疗的患者共96例,将其分为观察组和对照组,每组48例。观察组采用伸牵引弹性按压法结合二次球囊扩张椎体成形术(PKP)治疗,对照组采用过伸牵引弹性按压法联合单次球囊扩张PKP治疗。对比分析两组治疗后24h及治疗后6个月脊柱后凸Cobb’s角、腰背部VAS评分、ODI评分,比较两组患者的骨水泥使用量和手术时间,记录两组患者术后并发症。结果:观察组患者骨水泥使用量显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后24h及术后6个月,观察组患者的脊柱后凸Cobb’s角、腰背部VAS评分、ODI评分均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者的并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:过伸牵引弹性按压法联合二次球囊扩张PKP治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的临床效果优于单次球囊扩张,且操作简便安全,值得临床推广应用。 Objective: To observe the clinical effect of extensional traction elastic compression combined with secondary balloon dilatation PKP in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures. Methods: A total of 96 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 were divided into observation group and control group, 48 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with stretching traction elastic compression method combined with secondary balloon dilation and vertebroplasty (PKP). The control group was treated with extensional traction elastic compression method and single balloon dilatation PKP. The Cobb’s angle, waist and back VAS score and ODI score of the two groups were compared at 24 h after treatment and 6 months after treatment. The bone cement consumption and operation time were compared between the two groups. The postoperative complications were recorded. Results: The amount of bone cement in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the operation time between the two groups (P> 0.05); 24h after the treatment and 6 months after the operation . Cobb’s angle, VAS score and ODI score of the lumbar and back in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups P> 0.05). Conclusion: Tensile traction elastic compression combined with secondary balloon dilatation PKP treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures is superior to single balloon dilation, and the operation is simple and safe, worthy of clinical application.