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目前,我县大面积试种的油用向日葵,空壳现象比较普遍,一般减产20～30％,严重的甚至达50％以上。向日葵空壳,固然与播期不当,感染病害等有一定关系,但更主要的原因是:①天旱缺水,降低了花粉生活力,影响受精;②缺乏昆虫传粉媒介;③品种不纯,开花参差不齐,后期开的花授不上粉,特别是“罗马尼亚”杂交种,年年种植,分离现象比较严重,不孕株率占9％左右。
At present, the large-area trial planting of oil with sunflowers and shell-shell phenomenon in our county is relatively common, with a general decrease of 20-30% and a serious case of over 50%. Hypocotyl sunflower, of course, with improper sowing, infection and other diseases have a certain relationship, but more important because: ① drought, reducing pollen viability, affecting fertilization; ② lack of insect pollination; ③ species impure, Blossom uneven, the late open flowers to give powder, especially the “Romania” hybrids, planted every year, separation is more serious, the rate of infertility accounted for about 9%.