论文部分内容阅读
近百年来比较文学研究主要呈现为“总体论”特点。总体论是指将世界各族的比较文学视为一个统一体,从发生到发展对这个统一体进行整体的概述,并希冀归纳出一套共性话语的研究模式。一直以来,总体论存在着较大的缺憾性,它难以兼顾到比较文学固有的个体性。针对这一局限,本文提出另一种研究模式,即个体论取向。个体论是以比较学者的个体性(个体或学派)为本位的另一种研究取向。个体论视域下比较文学的基本单位是个体比较文学。它的结构可分为显结构与隐结构,前者是外显形貌,后者是内隐动力,即左右外显形貌的动力系统。隐结构主要由比较学者的“世界文艺关系观”与“目的旨向”两大元素构成。“世界文艺关系观”是指比较学者所执持的世界各类文艺之间关系的根本的观念,是最内在、最核心的元素。个体比较文学结构的“操作系统”可借助“筝形”得到生动的喻说与图解。
The comparative literature research in the past century has mainly been characterized as “overall theory ”. The general theory refers to taking the comparative literature of all ethnic groups in the world as a unified body and summarizing the unified body from occurrence to development and hopes to summarize a research mode of common discourse. All along, the overall theory there is a big gap, it is difficult to take into account the comparative literature of the inherent individuality. In view of this limitation, this paper proposes another research mode, namely individual orientation. Individualism is another research orientation based on the comparison of scholars’ individuality (individual or school). The basic unit of comparative literature in the perspective of individualism is individual comparative literature. Its structure can be divided into explicit and implicit structure, the former is the explicit appearance, the latter is the implicit power, that is, the dynamic appearance of the left and right systems. The hidden structure is mainly composed of two major elements: the view of the world literature and art and the purpose of the object of the scholars. “View of World Literature and Art Relations ” refers to the basic concept of comparing the relations among various literary and art worlds held by scholars, and is the innermost and most central element. Individual comparative literature structure “operating system ” can be vividly metaphorical and graphic with “koto ”.