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目的分析创建登革热防控示范区对居民登革热知识、态度和行为的影响,评估健康教育干预效果。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,在佛山市禅城区3街1镇中各随机抽2个村居委作为调查点,分别于创建登革热防控示范区前期(2014年8―9月)及创建1年后(2015年9―10月)对调查对象开展登革热防控知识、态度和行为正确率的调查。结果创建示范区前、后期调查对象对登革热相关知识的总知晓率分别为84.36%(302/358)和90.91%(330/363)。创建示范区后期78.2%(284/363)的调查对象在就医时会主动告知医生蚊虫叮咬或旅游史,高于创建示范区前期的54.5%(195/358),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。创建示范区后期调查对象“居住地周围环境经常灭蚊”的行为发生率(89.8%)高于创建示范区前期(70.9%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);创建示范区后期调查对象“室内安装了纱窗、蚊帐等防蚊设施”和“外出时采取正确的防蚊措施”的行为发生率分别为73.8%、89.8%,均高于创建示范区前期(均为65.6%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论创建登革热综合防控示范区有利于提高居民登革热防控知识知晓率、相应态度和正确行为形成率。
Objective To analyze the impact of creating dengue prevention and control demonstration area on residents’ knowledge, attitude and behavior of dengue fever and evaluate the effect of health education intervention. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to randomly select 2 village committees in 3 towns and 1 street of Chancheng District, Foshan City as survey sites. The survey was conducted in the pre-establishment (August-September 2014) and the One year later (September-October 2015), the respondents conducted a survey on the correct rate of dengue fever prevention and control knowledge, attitude and behavior. Results The total awareness rates of dengue-related knowledge before and after the creation of demonstration areas were 84.36% (302/358) and 90.91% (330/363), respectively. 78.2% (284/363) of the respondents who created the demonstration area later took the initiative to inform the doctors about mosquito bites or tourism history when they were in the hospital, which was higher than 54.5% (195/358) in the pre-establishment demonstration area, with significant difference (P < 0.01). (89.8%) was higher than that of the former demonstration area (70.9%), and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The demonstration area The incidence of post-survey subjects such as indoor mosquito screens and other mosquito prevention facilities and 73.7% and 89.8% of the measures taken for proper anti-mosquito measures on going out were higher than those of the previous period All 65.6%), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion The establishment of Dengue comprehensive prevention and control demonstration zone is conducive to improving residents’ awareness of dengue fever prevention and control knowledge, attitude and correct behavior formation rate.