临床医师在决定输血前,首先要确定输血的目的:增加血液的携氧能力、纠正凝血功能异常,确保在正确的时间将正确的血液输注给患者。在急性失血患者补液扩容前不应输注红细胞,而要选择无细胞的复苏液--晶体或胶体液。临床表现是决定患者输血与否最重要的因素。输注红细胞要参考血红蛋白(Hb)和血细胞比容(Hct),输血小板注意血小板数,输血浆参考凝血酶元时间及纤维素。对患者而言,输血是要冒风险的,医师须对输血治疗的利弊进行权衡评价,坚持趋利避害的原则,即只有当输血对患者利大于弊时才选择进行输血,该输的血及时输,无适应症 Before deciding on blood transfusions, clinicians first determine the purpose of blood transfusions: increase blood oxygen carrying capacity, correct coagulation abnormalities, and ensure that the correct blood is infused to patients at the right time. Acute hemorrhagic patients should not be infused red blood cells before replacement fluid expansion, and to choose a cell-free resuscitation fluid - crystal or colloidal fluid. Clinical manifestations are the most important factor in determining whether patients have blood transfusions or not. Red blood cells transfusions should refer to hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), platelet transfusion-aware number of platelets, plasma reference thrombin time and cellulose. For patients, blood transfusion is risky. Physicians must evaluate the pros and cons of transfusion and adhere to the principle of avoiding disadvantages. Only when transfusion is more beneficial to patients than transfusion is blood transfusion, Timely lose, no indications