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目的:以油茶枯为原料,用二次通用旋转组合设计法优化超声波辅助-水提醇沉的茶皂素提取工艺。方法:在单因素试验的基础上,选取液固比、p H值、温度、时间4个因素,以茶皂素得率及纯度为指标,建立回归数学模型。通过对试验结果的方差分析及对数学模型的优化得到最优茶皂素提取条件。结果:超声波辅助提取茶皂素的最优工艺条件:液固比8、p H值8.5、超声温度50℃、超声提取时间38 min。此条件下茶皂素得率为10.57%,纯度为84.52%。结论:采用二次通用旋转组合法优化所得茶皂素提取工艺稳定、可行。
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction process of tea saponin by ultrasonic assisted-water extraction and alcohol precipitation using Camellia oleifera as raw material with the second universal rotary combination design method. Methods: On the basis of single factor test, four factors of liquid to solid ratio, p H value, temperature and time were selected. The yield and purity of tea saponin were taken as indexes to establish the regression mathematical model. The optimal tea saponin extraction conditions were obtained by analyzing the variance of test results and optimizing the mathematical model. Results: The optimum extraction conditions of tea saponin by ultrasonic wave were as follows: liquid-solid ratio 8, p H value 8.5, ultrasonic temperature 50 ℃, ultrasonic extraction time 38 min. Under these conditions, tea saponin yield was 10.57% and purity was 84.52%. Conclusion: It is feasible and feasible to optimize the extraction process of tea saponin by quadratic universal rotation method.