摘要我省环境和食品中镉的本底值较低,土壤小于0.7ppm,饮用水小于0.001ppm,各类食品一般均小于0.05ppm,每人每日镉摄入量约为20微克,居民发镉量一般均小于0.2ppm。新乡和南阳二个利用含镉废水灌溉的污染区,污灌历史仅7—8年,土壤含镉量已全部升至1ppm 以上,新乡的平均值为12.45ppm,南阳的平均值为4.88ppm,已远远超过日本痛痛病发生区土壤平均含镉量(2.27ppm)的水平,由于我省污染区的土质偏碱,降低了镉的溶出性,粮食作物的平均含镉量尚未达到日本痛痛病区 1.41ppm 的平均水平:小麦平均含镉量为0.86ppm,稻米为0.45ppm,玉米为0.06ppm,蔬菜为0.47ppm,在家禽肝肾组织中镉蓄积量甚高,居民发镉含量多数升至0.2ppm 以上。经估算,污染村每人每日镉摄入量为80—260微克。健康检查结果,尚未发现肾功能、造血功能以及骨骼形态等方面的明显病变,但居民的发镉和尿镉值已增高,关节酸痛症状增多,居民健康已有轻度损害,据此我们提出了各类食品及土壤中镉的限制量的建议。 Abstract In our province, the background value of cadmium in environment and food is relatively low, the soil is less than 0.7ppm, the drinking water is less than 0.001ppm, all kinds of food are generally less than 0.05ppm, the daily cadmium intake per person is about 20μg, The amount of cadmium are generally less than 0.2ppm. Xinxiang and Nanyang two use of cadmium wastewater irrigation of contaminated areas, sewage irrigation history only 7-8 years, the soil cadmium content has all risen to 1ppm above, Xinxiang average of 12.45ppm, Nanyang average of 4.88ppm, Has far exceeded the average amount of cadmium in soil (2.27ppm) in the area where Japanese pain occurs, due to the alkaline soil in the contaminated area in our province, which reduces the dissolution of cadmium. The average cadmium content in food crops has not yet reached Japan The average level of 1.41ppm in the pain area was as follows: average cadmium content in wheat was 0.86ppm, 0.45ppm in rice, 0.06ppm in corn and 0.47ppm in vegetables. Cadmium accumulation in poultry liver and kidney tissues was very high. Rose to 0.2ppm or more. It is estimated that contaminated villages cadmium intake per person per day is 80-260 micrograms. Health examination results, yet significant changes in renal function, hematopoietic function and skeletal morphology have not yet been found. However, cadmium and urinary cadmium levels have been increased, joint pain symptoms have increased, and residents’ health has been slightly impaired All kinds of food and soil cadmium limit the amount of recommendations.