低氧使机体及细胞的生理功能发生改变 ,严重时可引起一系列损伤和疾病。为适应低氧环境 ,生物经过长期进化 ,已形成一套完整的氧感受机制及不同氧环境下的基因表达调控机制 ,以适应低氧环境 ,达到生存的目地。研究表明 :机体或细胞能够对周围环境氧浓度的变化作出反应 ,如颈动 Hypoxia changes the physiological functions of the body and cells, can cause a series of injuries and diseases in severe cases. In order to adapt to hypoxic environment, organisms have formed a complete set of oxygen sensing mechanism and gene expression regulation mechanism in different oxygen environments to adapt to hypoxia environment and achieve the goal of survival after long-term evolution. Studies have shown that: the body or cells can respond to changes in the ambient oxygen concentration, such as carotid