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对30个小豆品种的11个形态性状进行了因子分析及聚类分析。结果表明,11个形态性状的变异系数在5.66%~26.38%之间,最大的为主茎分枝,最小的为荚长;将11个形态性状简化成生育期因子、单株荚数因子和粒重因子3个相互独立的主因子,这3个主因子提供了原始性状81.574%的信息;经综合评价优劣排序,来源于唐山本地的2个品种排在前2位,来自东北的材料位居最后;经聚类分析,30个小豆品种划分为4大类群,类群的划分与材料的地理来源有着密切的联系。因此在育种过程中,应把主茎分枝、单株荚数和生育后期作为首要目标性状进行选择,同时兼顾百粒重、株高等性状,选育出综合性状优良的新种质。
Eleven morphological traits of 30 adzuki bean varieties were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 11 morphological traits ranged from 5.66% to 26.38%, the largest was stem branch and the smallest was pod length. The 11 morphological traits were simplified to the growth stage, pod number per plant and Grain weight factor of three independent main factors, the three main factors provide 81.574% of the original traits information; by comprehensive evaluation of merits and demerits, from Tangshan native two varieties in the top two, from the northeast material Which ranked the last. According to the cluster analysis, 30 adzuki bean varieties were divided into 4 groups. The division of the groups was closely related to the geographical origin of the materials. Therefore, during the breeding process, the main stem branch, the number of pods per plant and the late growth stage should be selected as the primary target traits, and at the same time taking into account the grain weight and plant height traits, new germplasms with excellent comprehensive traits were selected.