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[目的]探讨生产性含镍粉尘的致癌作用。[方法]Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为3组:选矿组和冶炼组分别暴露于镍选矿及冶炼车间,自然吸入粉尘,正常对照组饲养于职工医院生活区。实验全程历时2年,结束后对大鼠做详细的病理组织学检查。[结果]现场暴露共诱发肺部肿瘤4例,选矿组1例为肺腺癌(检出率为14.3%),冶炼组3例(其中2例肺腺癌,1例肺鳞癌),检出率为42.9%。肺部肿瘤平均潜伏期为20.5个月。[结论]吸入镍冶炼车间粉尘有一定程度致癌作用,选矿车间粉尘致癌作用较弱。
[Objective] To investigate the carcinogenic effect of productive nickel dust. [Methods] Wistar male rats were randomly divided into three groups: the dressing group and the smelting group were exposed to the nickel dressing and smelting plant, inhaled dust naturally, and the normal control group was kept in the living area of the staff hospital. The experiment lasted 2 years, after the end of the rat to do a detailed histopathological examination. [Results] Four cases of lung cancer were induced by field exposure, one case of lung adenocarcinoma in dressing group (detection rate was 14.3%), three cases of smelting group (2 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and 1 case of lung squamous cell carcinoma) The rate of 42.9%. The average latency of lung cancer was 20.5 months. [Conclusion] Inhalation of nickel smelting plant dust has a certain degree of carcinogenicity, and dressing workshop dust carcinogenesis is weak.