【目的】　探讨顺产与剖宫产两种不同产式对学龄前儿童气质类型、行为问题及智力水平的影响。　【方法】　采用儿童情况调查表 ,幼儿气质量表 ,Achenbach幼儿行为量表 (CBCL)对广州市某幼儿园的 2 65名 3～ 6岁儿童进行了调查 ,根据分娩方式选取 2 17名儿童 ,分为顺产组、社会因素剖宫产组和医学因素剖宫产组 ,采用皮勃迪图片词汇测试 (PPVT)对入组儿童进行了智力筛查。　【结果】　顺产组、社会因素剖宫产组、医学因素剖宫产组PPVT智商筛查、气质类型分布及行为问题差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　【结论】　不同分娩方式对学龄前儿童气质、行为及智力水平无显著影响 【Objective】 To investigate the effect of two different types of birth and cesarean section on the types of temperament, behavior problems and intelligence of preschool children. 【Methods】 A total of 2 65 children aged 3 ~ 6 years from a kindergarten in Guangzhou were investigated using the Children’s Questionnaire, Children’s Temperament Scale and Achenbach Child Behavior Inventory (CBCL). A total of 2,17 children were selected according to mode of delivery For the cesarean section group, cesarean section for social factors and cesarean section for medical factors, the children were enrolled in the intellectual screening test using the Pibidi picture vocabulary test (PPVT). 【Results】 There was no significant difference in PPVT IQ screening, temperament type distribution and behavioral problems among the cesarean section group, cesarean section with social factors and cesarean section with medical factors (P> 0.05). 【Conclusion】 Different modes of delivery have no significant effect on the temperament, behavior and intelligence level of preschool children