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聚合物Janus微粒是指具有各向异性微观结构的微/纳米聚合物粒子。因在乳液稳定、聚合物混合、可控组装、生物医药、多相催化和功能涂层等领域有重要的应用价值,聚合物Janus微粒材料的可控制备和应用研究已成为新型多功能和智能高分子材料研究的前沿领域。本文首先归纳了聚合物Janus微粒在制备方法、环境响应类型和应用领域的最新进展,进而分析了不同制备方法的优缺点。表面选择性修饰、微流体合成技术、自组装和种子聚合等方法都可用于制备具有可控尺寸、微观结构和表面性质的聚合物Janus微粒,但纳米级微粒微观结构的精确控制和大量合成还存在一定的挑战。环境响应性多组分聚合物Janus微粒在自组装和药物控释方面有其特殊的优势,而简单高效的种子聚合法有望应用于工业生产聚合物Janus固体表面活性剂。预计天然和多功能型聚合物Janus微粒的制备和应用研究将会是未来发展的趋势。
Polymer Janus microparticles refers to micro / nano polymer particles that have an anisotropic microstructure. Due to its important application in the fields of emulsion stabilization, polymer blending, controlled assembly, biopharmaceuticals, heterogeneous catalysis and functional coatings, the controlled preparation and application of polymer Janus particulate materials have become the new multifunctional and intelligent The frontier of polymer materials research. This paper first summarizes the latest progress of polymer Janus particles in the preparation methods, environmental response types and applications, and then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods. Methods such as surface-selective modification, microfluidic synthesis, self-assembly, and seed polymerization can all be used to prepare polymer Janus particles with controlled size, microstructure and surface properties, but the precise control of nanoscale particle microstructure and mass synthesis There are some challenges. Environmentally Responsive Multicomponent Polymers Janus microparticles have particular advantages in self-assembly and drug controlled release, while the simple and efficient seed polymerization method is expected to be used in industrial production of polymer Janus solid surfactants. It is expected that the study of the preparation and application of natural and multifunctional polymer Janus particles will be the trend of future development.