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2001年在中国东南部福州地区进行生物杀虫剂BtA和化学杀虫剂灭多威对结球甘蓝地捕食性天敌及其猎物对象害虫空间生态位宽度和重叠的影响的研究。研究对象捕食性天敌包括七星瓢虫(CoccinellaseptempunctataL.)和草间小黑蛛[Erigonidiumgraminicola(Sundvall)],猎物对象害虫包括小菜蛾[Plutellaxylostella(L.)]、菜粉蝶[Pierisrapae(L.)]、菜蚜[Brevicorynebrassicae(L.)]、斑潜蝇(LiriomyzasativaeBlanch.)、黄条跳甲(PhyllotretavittataFabric.)。研究结果表明,天敌害虫比在BtA处理区为0.3950,在灭多威处理区为0.2018,说明BtA对被测捕食性天敌的影响小于灭多威。捕食性天敌的空间生态位宽度变动范围为2.81～4.44,BtA和灭多威对捕食性天敌空间生态位宽度变化影响不显著。被测害虫空间生态位宽度变动范围为1.42～5.86,BtA和灭多威对被测害虫空间生态位宽度变化影响极显著。这种变化改变了捕食性天敌与害虫之间在空间范围内的数量关系,进而影响到它们之间的空间生态位重叠。天敌和害虫之间空间生态位重叠研究表明,重叠值的变动范围为0.10%～87.78%。在BtA处理区,草间小黑蛛与小菜蛾的空间生态位重叠为78.46%,七星瓢虫与菜蚜的空间生态位重叠为58.33%,而在灭多威处理区,以上两个指标分别为38.71%和18.59%,说
In 2001, the effects of biopesticide BtA and chemical insecticide methomyl on spatial niche breadth and overlap of predators and their prey on pests in the area of Fuzhou in southeastern China were studied. The predatory natural enemies include Coccinella septempunctata L. and Erigonidium graminicola (Sundvall), and the target insects include Plutella xylostella (L.), Pieris rapae (L.) Cabbage aphid [Brevicorynebrassicae (L.)], Liriomyzasativae Blanch., Phyllotretavitata fabric. The results showed that the pest ratio of natural enemies was 0.3950 in the BtA treatment area and 0.2018 in the MBT treatment area, indicating that the effect of BtA on the predatory natural enemies was less than that of methomyl. The range of niche breadth of predatory natural enemies ranged from 2.81 to 4.44. The effects of BtA and methomyl on the spatial niche breadth of predators were not significant. The breadth of niche breadth of tested pests varied from 1.42 to 5.86. The effects of BtA and methomyl on the spatial niche breadth of pests were significantly different. This change changed the quantitative relationship between predatory enemies and pests in the spatial range, thus affecting the spatial niche overlap between them. The study on the spatial niche overlap between natural enemies and pests showed that the variation range of the overlap values was 0.10% ~ 87.78%. In the BtA treatment area, the space niche overlaps with the black moth and the diamondback moth by 78.46%, and the spatial niche overlap between the ladybird and the vegetable aphid was 58.33%. However, in the MBT treatment area, the above two indexes For 38.71% and 18.59%, said