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马克思以前的思想家都没有把人放到具体的社会生活实践中去理解,因而对人的理解都是抽象的。而马克思把对人的理解和认识与人的具体活动联结起来考察,认为人是“现实的个人”。正是由于对“现实的个人”的科学把握和认识,才有对人的本质问题的科学阐释,才有唯物史观的创立。“现实的个人”的实践活动使人成为具体社会历史环境下的个人,其行为准则应符合当时的历史条件和当时的社会规范,达到人和社会具体的历史的和谐。
Neither Marx’s former thinker put people into the concrete social life practice to understand, so people’s understanding is abstract. Marx inspected people’s understanding and cognition with the concrete activities of people and considered them as “real individuals ”. It is precisely because of the scientific understanding and understanding of the “real individual” that there is a scientific interpretation of the essence of human beings and the establishment of a historical materialism. “Realistic Individuals ” practice activities make people become individuals in a specific social and historical environment. Their codes of conduct should be consistent with the historical conditions at the time and the social norms at that time to achieve the specific historical harmony between man and society.