地球物理,和地质与地球化学一起,是当代地球科学发展的三大支柱。傅承义院士曾经十分明确地指出,地球物理的基本任务是认识地球,同时为资源勘探、环境保护和灾害防治服务。在20世纪里,对地球的认识得到不断地深化。其线索基本上是沿着大陆漂移、海底扩张和板块大地构造而发展的。50年代中期,海底扩张说的出现,引起1957—1959年的国际地球物理年活动,开创广泛国际合作,总结 Geophysics, along with geology and geochemistry, is the three pillars of contemporary Earth science development. Academician Fu Chengyi once made it very clear that the basic task of geophysics is to recognize the Earth while serving resources exploration, environmental protection and disaster prevention and treatment. In the 20th century, the understanding of the Earth has been continuously deepened. The clues are basically developed along the continent, seafloor expansion and plate tectonics. In the mid-1950s, the advent of undersea expansion said that it led to the International Geophysical Year 1957-1959, creating extensive international cooperation and concluded