利用新西兰纯系雄性白兔33只制作成髂动脉粥样硬化模型,对狭窄血管进行腔内扩张成形术。22只兔被成功扩张的27支血管,扩张前后管径相比较,差异非常显著(P<0.001)。生理压灌注固定后观察扩张段血管内膜撕裂、斑块破碎、内膜与中膜分离、中外膜向外伸展膨出等组织形态学改变。证实文献报道的关于内膜撕裂、局部动脉瘤形成是经皮腔内血管成形术的机理。未发现斑块压缩或重分布。 Thirty-three male New Zealand pure white rabbits were made into iliac artery atherosclerosis model, and the stenosed vessels were subjected to endoluminal plasty. There were significant differences in the diameter of the 27 vessels that had been successfully expanded in 22 rabbits before and after dilation (P <0.001). Physiological pressure perfusion fixation was observed in the dilation of vascular intima tear, plaque rupture, separation of the intima and media, the expansion of the outer membrane swelling and other histological changes. Confirmed in the literature on the intimal tear, local aneurysm formation is the mechanism of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. No plaque compression or redistribution was found.