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斯蒂芬.克拉申(Stephen D Krashen)是美国南加利福尼亚大学的语言学教授,他于上世纪70年代末发表了一系列有关成年人第二外语学习的文章,提出了五个经典的语言学习假设,行成了语言学界著名的“语言监督”理论(Monitor Theory)。尽管有很多语言学家对克氏的理论提出了置疑甚至批评,但其中一些经典的理论还是可以印证一些英语教师和英语学习者的教学或学习经验的。本文旨在回顾克拉申的五个语言学习假设,并根据作者的教学经验,着重对五个经典假设中的第一个——学习与习得的划分作出相应的评析。
Stephen D Krashen, a professor of linguistics at the University of Southern California, published a series of articles on adult second language learning in the late 1970s. He proposed five classic language learning assumptions, The line became the famous “Theory of language supervision” (Monitor Theory) in linguistics. Although many linguists have questioned or even criticized Kirschner’s theory, some of the classical theories can confirm the teaching or learning experience of some English teachers and English learners. The purpose of this article is to review Krashen’s five language learning assumptions and, based on the author’s teaching experience, make a corresponding assessment of the division of learning and acquisition, the first of five classic hypotheses.