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种植抗旱耐瘠、水分利用效率高的春小麦生态类型,是黄土高原西部地区实现粮食自给,退耕还林还草、恢复植被、减少水土流失的关键措施。本文通过对不同抗旱耐瘠类型春小麦的21个状分析表明,引起不同类型间差异的主要性状是:穗部二粒、四粒和三粒小穗占穗部总小穗数的比率和穗粒数;其次为株高和株型率。抗旱耐瘠类型的基本特征为:没有(或很少)四粒小穗和二粒小穗数多,穗粒数少,株型率低,株高较高,旗叶面积小,穗节指数高;水肥类型则相反;中间类型介于二者之间。
Planting drought-resistant and barren-resistant spring wheat ecotypes with high water use efficiency is the key measure to achieve self-sufficiency of grain, returning farmland to forest and grassland, restoring vegetation and reducing water and soil loss in the western area of the Loess Plateau. In this paper, 21 different types of spring wheat drought-resistant barren-type analysis showed that the differences caused by the different types of the main traits are: the ear two, four and three spikelets to the total number of spikelets per panicle ratio and grain Number; followed by plant height and plant type rate. The basic characteristics of the types of drought-resistant barren: no (or less) four spikelets and two spikelets, spikelets less, plant type, low plant height, flag leaf area, spike section index High; water and fertilizer type is the opposite; the middle type is between the two.