支气管哮喘是由嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞和T淋巴细胞等多种炎性细胞参与的气道慢性炎症。在这种非特异性炎症的发生发展中,嗜酸性粒细胞起关键性作用,白细胞介素5(IL-5)通过调节嗜酸性粒细胞的活化、聚集、脱颗粒等参与哮喘的发生和发展。随着分子生物学和分子遗传学的发展,有可能通过影响IL-5合成、分泌、抑制IL-5受体激活以及宿主IL-5受体信号转导等环节来治疗哮喘,这将会成为哮喘研究的一个新的方向。 Bronchial asthma is a chronic airway inflammation involving a variety of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils, mast cells and T lymphocytes. In the development of this non-specific inflammation, eosinophils play a key role. Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is involved in the development and progression of asthma by regulating the activation, aggregation and degranulation of eosinophils. With the development of molecular biology and molecular genetics, it is possible to treat asthma by influencing the synthesis and secretion of IL-5, inhibiting the activation of IL-5 receptor and the host IL-5 receptor signal transduction, which will become A new direction for asthma research.