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柏拉图主张人类具有“避苦求乐”的自然本性,基于这种人性论认识,他制定了关于公民行为和城邦治理的各项具体法律规范。柏拉图虽基于人性进行立法,但他并非仅是对人性好恶的简单顺从,而是有所支持,有所反对。因而,使得其所立之法可以反过来通过教育、惩罚等手段对公民美德进行培养,从而使他们都获得一种优秀的、高尚的,从而也是幸福的、快乐的生活。
Based on this understanding of human nature, Plato advocated that mankind have the natural nature of “seeking refuge from suffering and seeking happiness” and that he formulated various specific legal norms concerning citizenship behavior and city-state governance. Although Plato legislated on the basis of human nature, he did not merely oppose simple obedience to human nature, but supported it and opposed it. Thus, the law that it has established can in turn raise the virtues of citizens through such means as education and punishment, thus enabling them all to acquire an excellent, noble and thus happy and happy life.