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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇血清TNF-α和IgE水平对预测婴儿过敏性疾病的作用。方法采用Elisa法检测50例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇(GDM组)和50例正常足月孕妇(正常组)孕晚期血清TNF-α和IgE水平,并随访产后婴儿出现过敏性疾病的情况。结果 GDM组孕妇孕晚期血清TNF-α和IgE分别为(23.67±3.66)pg/mL和(103.21±17.24)IU/mL,均明显高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随访6个月后,GDM组婴儿过敏性疾病的总发生率为42.0%,其中过敏性鼻炎6例,过敏性皮疹11例,过敏性哮喘4例,均明显高于正常对照组(12.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病是产后婴儿并发过敏性疾病的危险因素,检测孕妇血清TNF-α和IgE水平可预测过敏性疾病的发生。
Objective To investigate the effect of serum levels of TNF-α and IgE in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the prediction of allergic diseases in infants. Methods Elisa method was used to detect serum levels of TNF-α and IgE in 50 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group) and 50 normal pregnant women (normal group) at the third trimester of pregnancy. The incidence of allergic diseases in infants was followed up. Results The serum levels of TNF-α and IgE in pregnant women with GDM at the third trimester of pregnancy were (23.67 ± 3.66) pg / mL and (103.21 ± 17.24) IU / mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P <0.05) After 6 months of follow-up, the overall incidence of allergic diseases in infants in GDM group was 42.0%, including 6 cases of allergic rhinitis, 11 cases of allergic rash and 4 cases of allergic asthma, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (12.0%) , The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Gestational diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for postpartum infant complicated with allergic diseases. Detecting serum levels of TNF-α and IgE in pregnant women can predict the occurrence of allergic diseases.