WHO建议改善药品管理的工作要在国家药物政策保障之下。在许多国家,执行国家药物政策的机制是实施国家基本药物计划,其要点是强调公共领域的药品选择、采购、流通与使用的合理性。不适当的处方使医疗质量降低并导致资源浪费。本文以探讨在国家药物政策范畴内鼓励更合理地使用药品的问题为重点,在已有证据的基础上,详细阐明基本药物计划内容中的合理用药问题。本文评述了在发展中 WHO’s proposal to improve the management of medicines should be guaranteed under the national drug policy. In many countries, the mechanism for implementing national drug policies is the implementation of the national essential medicine program, which emphasizes the rationale of drug selection, procurement, circulation and use in the public domain. Improper prescriptions reduce the quality of care and lead to waste of resources. This article focuses on the issue of encouraging a more rational use of medicines in the context of national drug policies and elaborates on the rational use of medicines in the content of essential medicines on the basis of the available evidence. This article reviews the development