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目的了解医护人员和孕妇乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)防治知识的知晓程度,为今后有针对性开展乙肝防治知识培训、健康教育提供依据。方法采用中国疾病预防控制中心制作的乙肝防治知识问卷调查表开展调查,数据采用excel与SPSS软件进行统计处理。结果共调查了医护人员200人和孕妇213人,其中三甲医院和乡镇卫生院医护人员各100人,城区和乡村孕妇分别为58人、155人。对乙肝防治知识问题回答完全正确医护人员54人、孕妇4人,正确率分别为27.00%和1.88%;在各项乙肝防治知识问题回答中正确率最低的是乙肝传播途径,其中医护人员正确率30%,孕妇则只有2.35%;医护人员对乙肝防治知识的知晓程度受医院级别、接受教育程度和职称高低而不同,医院级别、学历及职称越高,知晓率就越高;13.33%的医生、18.18%的护士、38.97%的孕妇不知晓接种乙肝疫苗是预防乙肝最有效的措施。结论医护人员及孕妇乙肝防治知识知晓率都偏低,应加强对全人群包括医护人员进行系统、全面的乙肝防治知识宣传与培训,尤其加强对护士、职称及受教育程度低、乡镇卫生院医护人员的培训,并将重点放在乙肝的传播途径和预防措施方面。
Objective To understand the level of knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and treatment among medical staff and pregnant women and to provide basis for the future training of knowledge on prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and health education. Methods The questionnaire of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B made by China Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to carry out the investigation. The data were processed by Excel and SPSS software. Results A total of 200 medical staff and 213 pregnant women were surveyed. Among them, 100 were from the top three hospitals and township hospitals, respectively. The number of pregnant women in urban areas and rural areas were 58 and 155 respectively. The correct answer to the question about the knowledge of hepatitis B is 54 hepatitis B patients and 4 pregnant women with the correct rates of 27.00% and 1.88%, respectively. The correct rate of hepatitis B prevention and treatment is the lowest among all the hepatitis B transmission routes, 30% of pregnant women, while only 2.35% of pregnant women. The awareness level of health care workers about prevention and treatment of hepatitis B depends on the level of hospital, the level of education and the level of professional title. The higher the level of hospital, the higher the educational level and professional title, the higher the rate of awareness; 13.33% , 18.18% of nurses, 38.97% of pregnant women do not know the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective measure to prevent hepatitis B. Conclusion The awareness rate of hepatitis B prevention and treatment among medical staff and pregnant women is low, and publicity and training on systematic and comprehensive prevention and treatment of hepatitis B should be strengthened for the whole population, including medical staff. In particular, knowledge of nurses, professional titles and education level should be strengthened, and township health care Personnel training, and will focus on the transmission of hepatitis B and preventive measures.