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火山岩中的气孔记录了岩浆脱气过程中的信息。因此,它们的大小、空间排列、数量和形状可以与驱动岩浆上升和喷发的物理过程相关联。虽然已经提出许多的技术来描述气孔的结构,但是对于气孔状样品的采集、分析和解释还没有标准的方法。在此,我们介绍一种方法,涉及到包含整个数据获取的过程,从样品的采集到气孔大小和数量的定量分析。应用图像嵌套策略表征了从低、中、高密度/气孔度端元谨慎选择的样品。我们证实,即使是含有微气孔样品的结构,也可用少于20张图像来充分表征,这些图像是在不同的放大倍数下获取的以便有效地覆盖所有气孔大小范围。我们设计了一个新的程序(FOAMS),用来运行定量阶段,从气孔的测量到画出分布图。总之,该方法大大缩短了获取图像和进行处理的时间,同时又保留用户的足够调控,以确保所获结果的有效性。我们介绍了在玄武质熔岩流、火山渣堆积和浮岩层等3种研究结果来表明该方法可用于定量保存有大量喷发条件信息的大范围的气孔结构。
The stomata in volcanic rocks record the information during the degassing of magma. Therefore, their size, spatial arrangement, number, and shape can be correlated with the physical processes driving the magma to rise and erupt. Although many techniques have been proposed to describe the structure of stomata, there are no standard methods for collecting, analyzing and interpreting stomata-like samples. Here, we describe a method that involves the entire data acquisition process, from the collection of samples to the quantitative analysis of the size and number of stomata. The image-wise nesting strategy was used to characterize carefully selected samples from low, medium and high density / porosity end-units. We confirmed that even structures with micro-pore samples can be adequately characterized with less than 20 images taken at different magnifications in order to effectively cover all pore size ranges. We designed a new program (FOAMS) to run the quantitation phase, from stomatal measurements to plotting profiles. In summary, this approach greatly reduces the time it takes to acquire and process images, while retaining the user’s adequate controls to ensure the validity of the results obtained. We present three kinds of research results in basaltic lava flow, volcanic slag accumulation and pumice formation to show that this method can be used to quantitatively store a large range of stomatal structures with a large number of eruption conditions.