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文学到底是什么?这是一个至今仍在持续争论的话题。究其原因,就是因为文学太丰富而又太独特了。比如,它可以表达人生观价值观,但不是政治宣言;可以针砭丑恶歌颂美好,但不是道德标准;可以记录历史反映现实,但不是实打实的教科书;可以挽救失落编织梦想,但决不是安眠药。而歌德又是如何看待文学的呢?《少年维特》,用“爱”打造“震撼”;《浮士德》,则是童话般的哲学。歌德的做法表明:文学是不同于任何学科的别一种系列,它于诙谐中寓庄严,戏谑中寓神圣,“文学哲学”不等于“经院哲学”。
What is literature in the end? This is a topic that continues to be debated to this day. The reason is because literature is too rich and unique. It can, for example, express the values of the outlook on life but not a political declaration; it can praise beauty but not ethical standards; it can record texts that reflect history in reality but are not actual ones; and can save the lost knitting dream but it is by no means a sleeping pill. And how does Goethe treat literature? “Young Witt,” “love ” to create “shock ”; “Faust”, is a fairy tale-like philosophy. Goethe’s approach shows that literature is different from any other series of other disciplines. It is sacred in the majestic, banter sacred, “literary philosophy” is not equal to “scholasticism ”.