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目的 探讨心理咨询对减少放置宫内节育器(intrauterine contraceptiv edevice,IUD)后不良反应的效果。方法 选择清城区计划生育服务站2011年3～4月行IUD放置术育龄妇女为研究对象,209例为干预组,217例为对照组。干预组通过术前录像宣传教育、问卷调查、心理咨询、音乐疗法等心理干预,解决手术者的焦虑情绪;对照组采用常规的健康宣传教育方法。术后分别于1、3、6、12月进行随访,比较两组放置IUD后的各种不良反应发生情况。结果 对照组术后1、3、6月的月经异常发生率高于干预组,对照组术后1、3月腰腹疼痛的发生率高于干预组,对照组术后1月IUD异位的发生率高于干预组,对照组术后1、3、6、12月白带异常的发生率高于干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 放置IUD术前行心理干预,可有效减少IUD的不良反应,有助于提高IUD的续用率。
Objective To explore the effect of psychological counseling on reducing adverse reactions after intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) placement. Methods To select the women of childbearing age who underwent IUD placement from March to April 2011 in Qingcheng District Family Planning Service Station. 209 cases were intervention group and 217 cases were control group. Intervention group through the preoperative video education, questionnaires, psychological counseling, music therapy and other psychological interventions to solve the anxiety of the surgeon; control group using conventional health education methods. Follow-up was performed on January, March, June and December after operation, and the occurrence of various adverse reactions in both groups after IUD placement were compared. Results The incidence of abnormal menstruation in the control group at 1, 3 and 6 months after operation was higher than that in the intervention group. The incidence of lumbar and abdominal pain in the control group at 1 and 3 months after operation was higher than that in the intervention group. In the control group, The incidence of leucorrhea was higher in the control group than in the intervention group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation (P <0.05). Conclusion IUD preoperative intervention psychological intervention can be effective in reducing the adverse reactions of IUD, help to improve the IUD reutilization rate.