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目的:目前中药多糖药理活性的研究比较活跃,关于多糖相对分子质量测定方法的文献研究较少。综述中药多糖相对分子质量的测定方法,简要的归纳分析其优缺点并进行对比,筛选出较为简便实用的多糖相对分子质量测定方法,为中药多糖相对分子质量的测定以及中药多糖的药理活性进一步研究提供理论基础。方法:查阅国内近些年关于中药多糖相对分子质量测定的大量文献,对中药多糖相对分子质量的测定方法进行分析归纳。结果:测定多糖相对分子质量的方法主要有黏度法、超离心法、光散射法、渗透压法、凝胶色谱法、高效凝胶色谱法以及联用法等,其中近些年最常用的是高效凝胶渗透色谱法。结论:该方法操作简单、快速、灵敏、重复性好和样品用量少,可作为测定多糖相对分子质量及分子分布的首选方法。
OBJECTIVE: At present, the research on the pharmacological activity of polysaccharides in traditional Chinese medicine is relatively active. There are few studies on the methods for determining the relative molecular mass of polysaccharides. This review summarizes the methods for the determination of the relative molecular mass of polysaccharides in traditional Chinese medicine, briefly summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the methods and compares them to find a simple and practical method for determining the molecular weight of polysaccharides, and further studies the determination of the relative molecular mass of polysaccharides and the pharmacological activity of polysaccharides Provide a theoretical basis. Methods: Review the domestic literature on the determination of the relative molecular mass of polysaccharides in recent years, the method of determination of relative molecular mass of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides were analyzed and summarized. Results: The methods for determining the molecular weight of polysaccharides mainly include viscosity, ultracentrifugation, light scattering, osmotic pressure, gel chromatography, high performance gel chromatography and combined methods. Among them, the most commonly used methods in recent years are high efficiency Gel permeation chromatography. Conclusion: The method is simple, rapid, sensitive, reproducible and has low sample consumption. It can be used as the first choice to determine the relative molecular mass and molecular distribution of polysaccharides.