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目的:总结儿童抽动障碍临床特点,探讨误诊原因,减少误诊误治。方法:对218例儿童抽动障碍患儿的临床资料、诊断、治疗情况进行分析。结果:218例儿童抽动障碍患儿中,男性明显多于女性,多见于学龄儿童,以短暂性抽动症为主,临床表现多样化,容易误诊。该组误诊率高达46.3%,误诊原因主要是家长不重视、医生认识不足以及该病诊断的不确定性。结论:正确认识儿童抽动障碍临床特点并准确评价病情严重程度,做到药物治疗和心理指导个体化,多数患儿经心理和药物治疗,可以治愈。该病临床误诊率很高,医师全面掌握其基本表现和临床特点,呼吁家长和学校要重视儿童的心理健康,对减少误诊甚为重要。
Objective: To summarize the clinical features of tic disorder in children, investigate the causes of misdiagnosis and reduce the misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Methods: The clinical data, diagnosis and treatment of 218 children with tic disorder were analyzed. Results: Of the 218 children with tic disorder, more males than females were found, more common in school-age children. The main cause was transient tic disorder. The clinical manifestations were diverse and easily misdiagnosed. The misdiagnosis rate of this group was as high as 46.3%. The main reasons for misdiagnosis were the neglect of parents, lack of understanding of doctors and the uncertainty of the diagnosis of the disease. Conclusion: The correct understanding of the clinical features of children with tic disorder and accurate evaluation of the severity of the disease, so that drug treatment and psychological guidance individualized, the majority of children with psychological and drug treatment, can be cured. The clinical misdiagnosis rate of the disease is very high. Physicians have a comprehensive grasp of their basic and clinical features. They urge parents and schools to attach importance to children’s mental health and are important in reducing misdiagnosis.