病毒性脑炎是中枢神经系统常见的感染性疾病 ,其中 2 %～ 9%是由Ｉ型单纯疱疹病毒 (ＨＳＶ1)所致 ,即单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎 (ＨＳＥ)。病理上又称急性出血性坏死性脑炎 ,病情多凶险 ,临床表现早期无特异性 ,易被误诊 ,病死率高达 70 % [1] 。近年来诊断和治疗手段的提高 ,改善了 Viral encephalitis is a common infectious disease of the central nervous system, of which 2% to 9% is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Pathological, also known as acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis, more dangerous disease, early clinical manifestations of non-specific, easily misdiagnosed, the mortality rate as high as 70% [1]. In recent years, the improvement of diagnosis and treatment has been improved