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分析了英语文献中数学公式的句法属性、功能与位置,认为数学公式的句法属性有三个层次:或相当于名词词组、或相当于名词性分句、或相当于句子。相当于名词词组的数学公式在功能上或者直接充当句子成分(充当宾语、补足语)、或者不直接充当句子成分(充当同位语);其位置一般在动词(包括谓语动词、动词不定式、ing 分词、联系动词、动词被动态)之后、as/to be 之后、先行语(以及引导词)之后。相当于名词性分句的数学公式在功能上构成 that-分句、附属分句、并列分句;位置分别在引导词 that、从属连词、并列连词之后。相当于句子的数学公式在功能上近似于句子,但仍需要由某些词引出;其位置多在句子副词、连接副词、关系副词、“介词+which”之后。另外,数学公式还常出现在 as follows 的后面。数学公式偶尔充当分句中的主语成分。
The syntactic properties, functions and positions of mathematical formulas in English literature are analyzed. The syntactic properties of mathematical formulas are considered to be in three levels: or equivalent to noun phrases, or equivalent to nominal clauses, or equivalent to sentences. Equivalent to the noun phrase math formula functionally or directly as a sentence component (as an object, complement language), or does not directly act as a sentence component (act as appositive language); its position is generally verbs (including predicate verb, verb infinitive, ing Participles, verbs, verbs are dynamic), after as / to be, after the first language (and the guide word) after. Equivalent to the nominal clause of the mathematical formula functionally constitutes that-clause, subsidiary clause, parallel clause; position respectively in the guide that, subordinate conjunctions, conjunctions after. The mathematical equivalent of a sentence is functionally similar to a sentence, but it still needs to be led by certain words; its position is mostly after the adverb of the sentence, the adverb of connection, the adverb of relation, and the “preposition + which”. In addition, math formulas often appear behind as follows. Occasionally mathematic formulas act as subject components in clauses.