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提起“气象怪物”厄尔尼诺,可谓妇孺皆知。拉尼娜,可能知道的就相对少了。其实,大家记得1998年6月至7月,中国的江南、华南降雨频繁,长江流域、两湖盆地均出现严重洪涝,一些江河的水位长时间超过警戒线,两广及云南部分地区雨量也偏多五成以上,华北和东北局部地区也出现涝情。这次主要是厄尔尼诺使气候变得十分异常。厄尔尼诺是西班牙语,意为“上帝之子”或“圣婴”之意。用在气象上表示一系列的海洋与大气反常现象,一般指赤道太平洋中东部大规模海水温度异常升高的现象。而拉尼娜是指赤道太平洋东部和中部海水温度持续异常偏冷的现象,与厄尔尼诺现象正好相反。拉尼娜是西班牙语“小女孩,圣女”的意思,她总是出现在厄尔尼诺现象之后。
Mention “weather monster ” El Nino, can be described as women and children are well known. La Nina, may know relatively little. As a matter of fact, we all remember that there was frequent heavy rainfall in southern and southern China from June to July 1998, severe floods in the Yangtze River Basin and the Lianghu Basin, some of the rivers surpassing the warning level for a long time, and the rainfall in parts of Guangdong, As above, some areas in North China and Northeast China also experienced waterlogging. This time mainly El Niño makes the climate very unusual. El Nino is Spanish, meaning “Son of God” or “Infant”. The use of a series of meteorological observations of ocean and atmospheric anomalies generally refers to the abnormal rise of large-scale seawater temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. La Niña, on the other hand, is the phenomenon of abnormally colder sea-water temperatures in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific, as opposed to El Niño. La Nina is Spanish “little girl, saint”, and she always appears after the El Niño phenomenon.