“部落”这个术语的印欧语词源法语的“部落”(tribu)和英语的“部落”(tribe)来源干一些表明远古印欧人制度的语言术语:拉丁语的 tribus,安布利亚语的 trifù或希腊语的 phule。最初,这些概念都是些经验的概念,随着印欧语系诸民族的发展,它们具有了不同的涵义;不过,就它们最早的词形而言,都意指存在于这些社会中的一种特殊的社会政治组织。印欧语的“部落”即是城邦国家产生以前存在着的一种最大的社会政治共同体。它包括着一些较初级的社会单位,从 The Indo-European etymology of the term “tribe” French tribal (tribu) and English “tribe” sources do some linguistic terms that indicate the ancient Indo-European system: the Latin tribus, the Amman language Trifù or Greek phule. Initially, these concepts were concepts of experience that had different meanings with the development of Indo-European peoples; however, as far as their earliest forms of expression were concerned, they meant a kind of existence in these societies Special social and political organization. Indo-European “tribe” is the largest social and political community in which the city-states existed before. It includes some of the more junior social units from