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目的探索新余市开展被动吸烟控制的有效策略,并对控制策略的效果进行评价,为政府有关部门制定相关政策提供依据。方法通过采用修订和实施公共场所禁止吸烟政策和法规、社会动员、创建无烟单位、创建无烟家庭和无烟社区、建立健全烟草控制社会网络等5大控烟策略在新余市开展控烟干预。于干预前(2007年6月)和干预后(2008年12月)采用现场观察法对新余市政府对外办公大楼、医院、学校、交通机构、餐馆和网吧6类28个场所的禁止吸烟的执行情况和禁止吸烟效果进行调查。采取拦截调查法对场所内人群1400人和市区内人群1000人进行关于吸烟和被动吸烟情况、吸烟相关知识和态度等的面对面问卷调查。结果干预后6类场所禁烟力度和禁烟执行效果均显著改善(P<0.05)。干预后人群对被动吸烟健康知识认识正确率明显提高(P<0.05)。干预后人群对学校、政府办公室、交通机构、网吧和餐厅的禁烟政策的支持率明显提高(P<0.05)。结论新余市被动吸烟控制5大策略的实施对提高群众吸烟危害知晓及控烟意识、降低被动吸烟暴露有效。
Objective To explore the effective strategies for developing passive smoking control in Xinyu City and to evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies to provide the basis for relevant government departments to formulate relevant policies. Methods Tobacco control interventions were implemented in Xinyu City by adopting five major tobacco control strategies, such as the revision and implementation of non-smoking policies and regulations in public places, social mobilization, creation of smoke-free units, creation of smoke-free households and smoke-free communities and establishment of a sound tobacco control social network. Pre-intervention (June 2007) and intervention (December 2008) conducted on-site observation of the ban on smoking in six categories of Xinyu municipal government offices, hospitals, schools, transport agencies, restaurants and Internet cafes The situation and the no-smoking effect were investigated. Interception survey method was used to survey 1,400 people in the place and 1,000 people in the urban area for face-to-face questionnaire about smoking and passive smoking, knowledge and attitude about smoking. Results After the intervention, the smoking ban and smoking ban in 6 places were significantly improved (P <0.05). After intervention, the correct rate of cognition of passive smoking in the population was significantly improved (P <0.05). After the intervention, the crowd’s support rate of smoking ban in schools, government offices, transportation agencies, Internet cafes and restaurants was significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusion The implementation of the five major strategies for passive smoking control in Xinyu City is effective in raising public awareness of smoking hazards and awareness of tobacco control and reducing passive smoking exposure.