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目的分析2006—2012年三门峡市尘肺病的发病情况,为今后的尘肺病防治工作提供科学依据。方法对2006—2012年三门峡市首次诊断的尘肺病种类、分期,患者工龄、工种、所属行业等几方面进行综合分析。结果新诊断尘肺病患者共654例,其中新发病例609例,晋期45例。在新发病例中,尘肺病壹期561例,贰期40例,叁期8例,壹期人数最多,占新发病例的92.1%。在晋期病例中,壹期晋为贰期的人数最多,占所有晋期病例的86.7%。尘肺病种类中以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主,分别占新发病人数的76.5%、21.5%;工种以采煤工和掘进工为主;年龄≤55岁的有283人,>55岁的有326人;接尘工龄在15.0~24.9a的发病人数最多,占新发病例的50.0%;25.0~35.0a的次之,占新发病例的29.1%。结论三门峡市尘肺病的防治工作形势依然严峻,要加强接尘人员的职业健康监护,加强对作业人员职业病相关知识的培训,切实保障广大劳动者的根本利益。
Objective To analyze the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Sanmenxia from 2006 to 2012, and provide a scientific basis for future pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment. Methods A comprehensive analysis was carried out on the types of pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed in Sanmenxia City from 2006 to 2012, staging, length of patient service, types of work, industries involved and so on. Results A total of 654 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients were diagnosed, including 609 newly diagnosed cases and 45 cases of advanced pneumoconiosis. Among the newly diagnosed cases, 561 cases of pneumoconiosis were in stage one, 40 cases in stage two and eight cases in stage three, with the largest number in stage one, accounting for 92.1% of new cases. In the case of Jin Dynasty, the number of the first phase of the second phase of Jin, accounting for 86.7% of all cases of Jin. The main types of pneumoconiosis were coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and silicosis, accounting for 76.5% and 21.5% of the new cases respectively. The main types of workers were coal miners and roadheaders, 283 and 55 years old 326 people; the incidence of dust-covered workers in the 15.0 ~ 24.9a incidence of the largest number, accounting for 50.0% of new cases; 25.0 ~ 35.0a second, accounting for 29.1% of new cases. Conclusions The situation of prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in Sanmenxia City is still grim. It is necessary to strengthen the occupational health supervision of dust collectors, strengthen the training on knowledge related to occupational diseases among workers, and effectively protect the fundamental interests of the vast numbers of laborers.