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目的:评价骨钉前方牵引治疗对生长发育期上颌后缩下颌前突型反病例的矫治效果。方法:选择替牙晚期和恒牙早期骨性Ⅲ类错病例8例,男2例,女6例,年龄11～14岁,平均12.2岁。均为上颌发育不足并伴有下颌、下牙弓轻度前突的凹面型,在双侧上颌颧牙槽嵴区植入骨钉,骨钉与牵引面罩的牵引钩相连,与平面成向前下30°夹角,力值维持在350g左右,每日戴用时间为10～12h。有3例恒牙早期病例因牙列拥挤或下牙弓前突,设计对称拔除了上、下颌第二或第三磨牙,植入下颌磨牙骨钉以牵引排齐内收下牙弓。结果:8例患者前方牵引5～10个月,平均7个月,均有效解除前牙反。结论:应用骨钉做前方牵引,牵引力通过上颌骨阻力中心,不会致颌骨出现异常旋转。牵引力完全作用在颌骨上,避免了对牙齿产生副作用。骨钉还可用于牵引上下颌牙列远中移动,减少上前牙唇倾并增强前方牵引对下牙弓的矫治作用。
Objective: To evaluate the effect of traction treatment of anterior bone nail on patients with maxillary and maxillary retrognathic pterygium during growth and development. Methods: Eight cases of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion were selected in the early stage of tooth deciduous and permanent teeth. There were 2 males and 6 females, aged from 11 to 14 years (average 12.2 years old). All were maxillary hypoplasia accompanied by mandibular and lower arch mild protrusion of the concave type, in the bilateral maxillary zygomatic alveolar ridge bone implants, bone nail and pull the traction mask connected to the hook, and the plane direction Angle 30 ° before the next, the value of the force remained at around 350g, daily wearing time of 10 ~ 12h. There are 3 cases of early permanent dentition due to crowding or lower arch protrusion, the symmetrical removal of the upper and lower mandibular second or third molars, implanted mandibular molar bone nail traction to align within the arch. Results: 8 cases of traction in front of 5 to 10 months, an average of 7 months, are effective in lifting anterior crossbite. CONCLUSIONS: Bone spikes should be used for anterior traction and traction should pass through the center of maxillary resistance without causing abnormal rotation of the jaw. Traction completely in the jaw bone, to avoid the side effects of teeth. Bone nail can also be used for traction on the lower jaw dentition move far, reduce the forward lip and enhance the frontal traction on the lower arch correction.