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浙江省于 1999年 12月和 2 0 0 0年 1月、2 0 0 0年 3月和 4月 ,先后在部分地区开展了口服脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰 )疫苗 (OPV)的强化免疫和“扫荡”式免疫活动 ,为了了解这两次群众性免疫活动的实施结果 ,对两次活动的接种率、实施过程递进性和出生队列的接种人数做了分析比较。结果显示 :2 0 0 0年“扫荡”式免疫的报告接种率和调查接种率分别为 99 1%、99 3%和 98 1%、99 2 %;而强化免疫则分别为 95 9%、96 7%和 88 1%、84 4 %,前者高于后者 ,同时两轮活动之间的总体递进性也是“扫荡”式免疫优于强化免疫。对连续实施强化免疫和“扫荡”式免疫活动的地区进行出生队列的接种情况分析表明 ,“扫荡”式免疫活动中接种儿童数比强化免疫活动平均增长了 84%,不同地区和年龄组之间接种人数变化情况不尽一致。这两次连续性的群众性免疫活动 ,尤其是“扫荡”式免疫活动对进一步提高薄弱地区的OPV接种率发挥了重要作用 ,但是要维持高水平的免疫接种率 ,尤其是保持无脊灰状态 ,仍应主要依靠高质量的常规免疫和监测。
Zhejiang Province in December 1999 and January 2000, March and April 2000, has carried out in some areas of oral polio (polio) vaccine (OPV) enhanced immunity and “ Mopping-up ”type of immunization campaigns. In order to understand the implementation results of these two mass immunization campaigns, we analyzed and compared the immunization rates of the two activities, the progress of the implementation process and the number of births cohort. The results showed that inoculation rates and survey inoculation rates for “mopping-up” immunization in 2000 were 99.1%, 99.3% and 98.1%, 99.2% respectively, while those for intensive immunization were 95.9% and 96% respectively 7% and 88 1%, 84 4%, the former is higher than the latter, and the overall progressivity between the two rounds of activities is also “mopping-up” type of immunization over immunization. An analysis of birth cohorts conducted in areas that had been continuously immunized and “mopping up” immunization showed that the number of vaccinated children in the “mopping-up” immunization campaign increased by an average of 84% over the duration of the intensive immunization campaign, with indirect links between regions and age groups The number of species changes are not the same. These two consecutive mass immunization campaigns, especially the “mopping-up” type of immunization, have played an important role in further raising the vaccination rate of OPV in vulnerable areas. However, maintaining a high level of vaccination rate, especially the maintenance of polio-free status , Should still rely mainly on high-quality routine immunization and monitoring.