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本文讨论黄体的组成与功能及其与卵子发育的关系。卵母细胞移入生殖嵴开始减数分裂时,被一层粒层细胞(granulosa cells)所包绕,此时,已具备对促性腺激素(Gn)的敏感性,卵泡因接受Gn量的不同,从静止状态发育排卵或闭锁,但Gn刺激缺如,中止或过多,并不延长或缩短卵母细胞的生命周期。切除大块卵巢组织通常不引起月经紊乱,提示对卵泡成熟无即刻影响,但可表现为FSH水平增高,卵泡期缩短,35岁以上妇女双胎率增高。放射线或自身免疫性疾病皆可损伤处于易感状态的卵子,影响卵母细胞总贮备,导致暂时性卵巢功能衰竭,当未受损的卵子重新对Gn产生敏感时,月经周期又可恢复。
This article discusses the composition and function of the corpus luteum and its relationship to egg development. When the oocyte migrates into the genital ridge and begins to divide, it is surrounded by a layer of granulosa cells. At this time, the oocyte is already sensitive to gonadotropin (Gn) Ovulation or atresia develops from a quiescent state, but Gn stimulation is absent, absent or excessive, and does not prolong or shorten the life cycle of the oocyte. Excision of large ovarian tissue usually does not cause menstrual disorders, suggesting no immediate impact on follicular maturation, but can be manifested as elevated FSH levels, shortening of follicular, women over 35 years old twins increased. Radiation or autoimmune diseases can damage the egg in a susceptible state, affecting the overall oocyte reserve, resulting in transient ovarian failure, and the menstrual cycle can resume when the intact egg re-sensitizes Gn.