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以国家森林公园为例,基于GIS技术,通过最近邻指数和热点聚类法分析中国713个国家森林公园的空间结构特征;运用栅格成本加权距离算法,计算1991年和2010年中国国家森林公园的空间可达性,并测算县域单元的整体可达性;利用空间关联方法分析了县域可达性的空间差异。结果表明:中国国家森林公园的空间分布总体上呈现出聚集分布的特点,国家森林公园的平均可达性时间从1991年的168.18min缩短为2010年的137.86min;可达性在全国的分布差异十分明显,可达性空间分布具有明显的交通指向性;县域可达性热点区域的分布呈现显著的热点–次热点–次冷点–冷点自东向西带状分布的格局。
Taking the National Forest Park as an example, spatial characteristics of 713 national forest parks in China were analyzed based on GIS technology and nearest neighbor index and hot spot clustering method. The grid cost weighted distance algorithm was used to calculate the spatial distributions of China National Forest Park in 1991 and 2010 The spatial reachability of the county is calculated, and the overall reachability of the county unit is calculated. The spatial difference of the reachability of the county is analyzed by using the spatial correlation method. The results showed that the spatial distribution of China National Forest Park showed the characteristics of aggregation and distribution. The average reachable time of National Forest Park was shortened from 168.18min in 1991 to 137.86min in 2010; the distribution of reachability across the country Obviously, the spatial distribution of reachability has obvious traffic direction. The distribution of reachable hot spots in county area shows a significant hot spot-secondary hot spot-secondary cold spot-the distribution pattern of cold spots from east to west.