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目的分析四川省公众突发公共卫生事件知识与技能影响因素,为制定有效的干预策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取四川省18岁以上符合条件的居民2000人进行问卷调查。结果女性对食物中毒应对知识知晓率显著高于男性(P<0.01),男性知晓放射性事故的比例显著高于女性(P<0.01),其他知晓率无性别差异。高年龄组(≥60岁和50～59岁)对各项知识知晓率都较低,30～39岁年龄组知晓率最高。文化程度越高,知识知晓率越高。农村居民麻疹预防知识答对率显著高于城市居民,其他知识知晓率城市居民显著高于农村居民。结论影响四川省公众应对突发公共卫生事件知识与技能最主要的因素是文化程度和城乡差别。今后应加强对农村居民的宣传教育,并采用通俗易懂的方式在低文化程度人群中普及应对突发公共卫生事件的知识与技能。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of public knowledge and skills of public health emergencies in Sichuan Province and to provide basis for making effective intervention strategies. Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 2,000 eligible residents over the age of 18 in Sichuan Province for questionnaire survey. Results The female awareness rate of food poisoning coping knowledge was significantly higher than that of male (P <0.01). The male awareness of radioactive accident was significantly higher than that of female (P <0.01). The other awareness rate had no gender difference. High age group (≥ 60 years old and 50 to 59 years old) awareness of all knowledge is low, the highest awareness rate of 30 to 39 age group. The higher the level of education, the higher the awareness of knowledge. The response rate of measles prevention among rural residents was significantly higher than that of urban residents, and the other residents’ awareness rate of urban residents was significantly higher than that of rural residents. Conclusion The most important factor affecting the public knowledge and skills of public health emergency response in Sichuan is the educational level and the difference between urban and rural areas. In the future, publicity and education for rural residents should be strengthened, and the knowledge and skills to deal with public health emergencies should be popularized in a low-educated populace in an accessible and easy-to-understand way.