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日本原来发生的水稻病毒病有虫媒传染的普通矮缩病、条纹叶枯病、黑条矮缩病和土壤传染的坏死花叶病。1971年在九州发现了新的水稻矮化病,其后研究结果证明该病与东南亚各国发生的水稻通戈鲁(Tungro)病有密切关系。1977年又在冲绳发现了黄叶病(短暂性黄化病Transitory yellowing),该病原在台湾分布。1978年在福岗发现的一种水稻病害可能是草丛矮缩病(Grassy Stunt),此为东南亚广泛分布的病害。日本的水稻病毒病过去认为与东南亚各国的病毒无关,但近来查明与远洋迁飞的虫媒传染或由西南诸岛的直接传染有关。本文就新发现的病毒病的发生经过、病原、症状等加以叙述,并简单涉及原来几种病毒。
Japan’s original rice virus disease is a common vector disease of dwarf disease, striped leaf blight, black-streaked dwarf disease and soil-transmitted necrotic mosaic disease. A new rice dwarf disease was discovered in Kyushu in 1971 and subsequent studies have shown that the disease is closely related to the occurrence of rice Tungro disease in various Southeast Asian countries. In 1977, another yellow leaf disease (Transitory yellowing) was discovered in Okinawa, which is distributed in Taiwan. A rice disease found in Fug Kong in 1978 may be Grassy Stunt, a widely distributed disease in Southeast Asia. Japan’s rice virus disease was thought to have nothing to do with viruses in Southeast Asian countries, but recently it has been identified that it is linked to the transmission of pelagic insects by the ocean or the direct transmission by the Southwest Islands. In this paper, the occurrence of newly discovered virus disease, pathogens, symptoms, etc. are described, and simply involves the original several viruses.