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N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)是一种强致癌物质,普遍存在于食品、工业制品和污染大气之中。作为一种新发现的饮用水消毒副产物,NDMA已逐渐成为水环境化学研究领域的一个热点。介绍了饮用水消毒副产物NDMA的相关背景,重点评述了NDMA在水中的形成机制,主要包括亚硝化和非对称二甲肼氧化两种途径,强调NDMA的前体物还有待进一步确认。对水中NDMA的去除方法进行了总结,包括物理方法、光解作用、生物降解和高级氧化技术。最后提出了饮用水含氮消毒副产物NDMA的若干研究方向。
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a potent carcinogen that is prevalent in food, industrial products and the polluting atmosphere. As a newly discovered water disinfection by-product, NDMA has gradually become a hot spot in the field of water environment chemistry. The related background of drinking water disinfection byproduct NDMA was introduced. The formation mechanism of NDMA in water was mainly reviewed, including nitrosation and asymmetric dimethylsulfoxide oxidation. Emphasis on NDMA precursors remains to be confirmed. The removal methods of NDMA in water are summarized, including physical methods, photolysis, biodegradation and advanced oxidation techniques. Finally, several research directions of nitrogenous disinfection byproduct NDMA in drinking water are put forward.