目的:探索受体相互作用蛋白3(RIP3)对自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)肝脏单核细胞来源巨噬细胞浸润的调控作用。方法:纳入2018年1至6月于天津医科大学总医院消化科行肝穿刺活组织病理学检查的AIH患者10例，同期选择年龄和性别均匹配且无肝功能异常的5例肝囊肿患者作为对照，应用免疫荧光染色观察AIH患者和对照者肝组织单核细胞来源巨噬细胞浸润情况。将Raw264.7巨噬细胞分为对照组、脂多糖组、脂多糖＋RIP3抑制剂GSK872(GSK872)组，采用定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测巨噬细胞n RIP3、混合谱系蛋白激酶样结构域(n MLKL)、n TNF-n α、n IL-6、n IL-1n β、细胞炎性小体Nod样蛋白3(n NLRP3)、CC趋化因子配体(n CCL)2和n CCL5的mRNA水平；将Raw264.7巨噬细胞分为对照组、脂多糖组、脂多糖＋地塞米松组，采用qPCR检测巨噬细胞n TNF-n α、n NLRP3、n RIP3和n MLKL的mRNA水平。选择24只6周龄雌性C57BL/6小鼠建立急性AIH小鼠模型，并将其分为对照组、刀豆蛋白A(ConA)组、ConA＋地塞米松组和ConA＋GSK872组(每组6只)，处死小鼠后收集外周血和肝组织，观察小鼠肝脏病理学表现，测定血清ALT和AST水平，采用qPCR检测n CCL2和CC趋化因子受体2(n CCR2)的mRNA水平，采用流式细胞术分析小鼠肝脏巨噬细胞比例。统计学方法采用独立样本n t检验和单因素方差分析。n 结果:AIH患者肝脏CD68阳性组织驻留巨噬细胞(库普弗细胞)和MAC387阳性单核细胞来源巨噬细胞比例均高于对照者[(0.84±0.21)%比(0.09±0.03)%、(0.79±0.13)%比(0.03±0.01)%]，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝3.00、4.84，n P均<0.05)。脂多糖组巨噬细胞内n RIP3、n MLKL、n TNF-n α、n IL-6、n IL-1n β、n NLRP3、n CCL2、n CCL5的mRNA水平均高于对照组和脂多糖＋GSK872组(1.64±0.16比1.07±0.07和0.63±0.11，10.45±1.37比1.10±0.33和1.51±0.63，5.43±0.59比0.94±0.06和2.59±0.45，204.20±30.73比1.26 ±0.19和111.40±11.62，20 848.00±362.00比1.09 ±0.26和10 940.00±566.60，7.47±1.17比1.09±0.09和3.79±0.89，68.03±5.15比1.14±0.19和14.09±2.62，5 935.12±96.20比1.43±0.46和673.50±49.10)，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝3.11、5.21，6.65、6.55，7.57、3.96，6.60、3.06，8.83、4.08，5.46、2.56，12.97、10.16，25.34、14.99；n P均<0.05)。脂多糖组巨噬细胞n TNF-n α、n NLRP3、n RIP3和n MLKL的mRNA水平均高于对照组和脂多糖＋地塞米松组(8.85±1.43比1.44±0.43和3.63±0.63，6.42±0.86比0.99±0.12和2.07±0.17，1.72±0.21比0.93±0.09和0.43±0.07，6.87±0.85比1.62±0.31和1.41±0.29)，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝4.95、3.33，6.24、4.95，3.04、5.11，5.77、6.07；n P均<0.05)。ConA组小鼠肝脏表现出明显的炎症细胞浸润和点状坏死。ConA组小鼠的血清ALT和AST水平均高于对照组、ConA＋地塞米松组和ConA＋GSK872组[(2 569.00±45.44)U/L比(49.38±9.07)、(103.00±14.07)和(759.30±34.99) U/L，(3 335.00±88.79)U/L比(108.50±18.10)、(460.00±97.40)和(1 573.85±36.06) U/L]，且ConA＋地塞米松组小鼠的血清ALT和AST水平均低于ConA＋GSK872组，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝5.54、5.42、3.90、4.63、4.16、3.79、6.70、2.71，n P均<0.05)。ConA组小鼠肝脏n CCL2和n CCR2的mRNA水平均高于对照组、ConA＋地塞米松组和ConA＋GSK872组(92.64±10.57比0.78±0.15、5.64±1.00和9.47±2.06，5.73±0.39比0.98±0.22、2.18±0.22和2.98±0.33)，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝7.66、7.24、5.87、8.71、8.58、5.45，n P均<0.01)。ConA组小鼠肝脏CD45n ＋CD11bn ＋F4/80n ＋总巨噬细胞比例和CD45n ＋CD11bn hiF4/80n lo浸润的单核巨噬细胞比例均高于对照组、ConA＋地塞米松组和ConA＋GSK872组(0.86±0.02比0.73±0.03、0.68±0.02和0.72±0.03，0.56±0.02比0.08±0.02、0.11±0.01和0.08±0.01)，CD45n ＋CD11bn loF4/80n hi肝脏驻留巨噬细胞(库普弗细胞)比例低于对照组、ConA＋地塞米松组和GSK872组(0.24±0.03比0.58±0.04、0.52±0.07和0.56±0.07)，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝4.27、5.90、3.89，18.70、19.87、20.52，7.35、3.82、3.87，n P均<0.05)。n 结论:AIH患者肝脏巨噬细胞数量增加。RIP3信号介导免疫性肝炎肝脏单核细胞来源巨噬细胞浸润并可能成为AIH的潜在治疗靶点。“,”Objective:To explore the role of receptor-interaction protein 3 (RIP3) in regulating the infiltration of monocytes/macrophages into the liver in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).Methods:From January to June in 2018, at Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 10 AIH patients who underwent liver biopsy were enrolled, and at the same time, 5 age and gender matched individuals with normal liver function and hepatic cyst were selected as control. The infiltration of monocytes/macrophages in the liver tissues was observed by immunofluorescence detection in the patients with AIH and controls. Raw264.7 macrophages were divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide group and lipopolysaccharide+ RIP3 inhibitor GSK872 (GSK872) group. The expression of n RIP3, mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase (n MLKL), tumor necrosis factor (n TNF)-n α, interleukin (n IL)-6, n IL-1n β, nod-like receptor protein 3 (n NLRP3), CC motif chemokine ligand (n CCL)2 and n CCL5 at mRNA levels were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Raw264.7 macrophages were also divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide group and lipopolysaccharide + dexamethasone group. The relative expression of n TNF-n α, n NLRP3, n RIP3 and n MLKL at mRNA level in macrophage were detected by qPCR. Twenty-four 6-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were chosen to establish AIH mice model and were randomly divided into control group, concanavalin A (ConA) group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (6 mice in each group). After the mice were executed, the peripheral blood and liver tissues were collected. The histopathology of mice liver were observed and the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured. The expression of n CCL2 and CC motif chemokine receptor 2 (n CCR2) at mRNA level were detected by qPCR. The proportion of macrophages in mice livers were analyzed by flow cytometry. The independent sample n t test and one-way analysis of variance were performed for statistical analysis.n Results:The percentages of CD68 positive macrophages and MAC387 positive infiltrated mononuclear macrophages in livers of AIH patients were both higher than those of controls ((0.84±0.21)% vs. (0.09±0.03)%, (0.79±0.13)% vs. (0.03±0.01)%), and the differences were statistically significant (n t=3.00 and 4.84; all n P<0.05). The expression ofn RIP3, n MLKL, TNF-n α, n IL-6, n IL-1n β, n NLRP3, n CCL2 and n CCL5 at mRNA level of lipopolysaccharide group were all higher than those of control group and lipopolysaccharide+ GSK872 group (1.64±0.16 vs. 1.07±0.07 and 0.63±0.11; 10.45±1.37 vs. 1.10±0.33 and 1.51±0.63; 5.43±0.59 vs. 0.94±0.06 and 2.59±0.45; 204.20±30.73 vs. 1.26 ±0.19 and 111.40±11.62; 20 848.00±362.00 vs. 1.09 ±0.26 and 10 940.00±566.60; 7.47±1.17 vs. 1.09±0.09 and 3.79±0.89; 68.03±5.15 vs. 1.14±0.19 and 14.09±2.62; 5 935.12±96.20 vs. 1.43±0.46 and 673.50±49.10), and the differences were all statistically significant (n t=3.11, 5.21, 6.65, 6.55, 7.57, 3.96, 6.60, 3.06, 8.83, 4.08, 5.46, 2.56, 12.97, 10.16, 25.34 and 14.99; all n P<0.05). The expression ofn TNF-n α, n NLRP3, n RIP3 and n MLKL at mRNA level of lipopolysaccharide group were all higher than those of control group and lipopolysaccharide+ dexamethasone group (8.85±1.43 vs. 1.44±0.43 and 3.63±0.63; 6.42±0.86 vs. 0.99±0.12 and 2.07±0.17; 1.72±0.21 vs. 0.93±0.09 and 0.43±0.07; 6.87±0.85 vs. 1.62±0.31 and 1.41±0.29), and the differences were all statistically significant (n t=4.95, 3.33, 6.24, 4.95, 3.04, 5.11, 5.77 and 6.07, all n P<0.05). The mice liver of ConA group showed obviously inflammatory cells infiltration and hepatocytes necrosis. The serum ALT and AST levels of ConA group were both higher than those of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group ((2 569.00±45.44) U/L vs. (49.38±9.07), (103.00±14.07) and (759.30±34.99) U/L; (3 335.00±88.79) U/L vs. (108.50±18.10), (460.00±97.40) and (1 573.85±36.06) U/L), the serum ALT and AST levels of ConA+ dexamethasone group were both lower than those of ConA+ GSK872 group, and the differences were all statistically significant (n t=5.54, 5.42, 3.90, 4.63, 4.16, 3.79, 6.70 and 2.71; all n P<0.05). The expression ofn CCL2 and n CCR2 at mRNA levels in mice liver of ConA group were both higher than those of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (92.64±10.57 vs. 0.78±0.15, 5.64±1.00 and 9.47±2.06; 5.73±0.39 vs. 0.98±0.22, 2.18±0.22 and 2.98±0.33), and the differences were all statistically significant (n t=7.66, 7.24, 5.87, 8.71, 8.58 and 5.45; all n P <0.01). The proportion of CD45 n + CD11bn + F4/80n + total macrophages and CD45n + CD11bn hiF4/80n lo infiltrated macrophages in mice livers of ConA group were both higher than those of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (0.86±0.02 vs. 0.73±0.03, 0.68±0.02 and 0.72±0.03; 0.56±0.02 vs. 0.08±0.02, 0.11±0.01 and 0.08±0.01), however the proportion of CD45n + CD11bn loF4/80n hi liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) was lower than those that of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (0.24±0.03 vs. 0.58±0.04, 0.52±0.07 and 0.56±0.07), and the differences were all statistically significant (n t=4.27, 5.90, 3.89, 18.70, 19.87, 20.52, 7.35, 3.82 and 3.87, all n P<0.05).n Conclusions:The number of macrophages incread in the livers of AIH patients. RIP3 signaling mediates the migration of monocytes/macrophages infiltration in immune hepatitis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for AIH.