疟疾的流行与控制措施难以奏效、人类易感、宿主或媒蚊的天然免疫反应不能阻断疟疾传播有关。虽然自然种群按蚊能诱发有效的抵抗真核生物和微生物的包被免疫反应 ,但却很少包被疟原虫 ,可能不是由于缺乏选择压力 ,因为疟原虫至少可以两种方式即减少产卵和提高死亡率而减弱蚊的 The malaria epidemic and control measures are not effective, human susceptibility, and the innate immune response of the host or mosquito can not block the spread of malaria. Although natural populations of Anopheles can induce effective immune responses against eukaryotes and microbes, they are rarely coated with malaria parasites and may not be due to lack of selection pressure because malaria parasites can reduce spawning in at least two ways Increase mortality and attenuate mosquitoes