近年来,我国出现的产能过剩向我们提出一个值得深思的问题,在社会主义市场经济条件下,如何避免过去我国从来没有遇到的产能过剩问题。本文回顾了马克思主义和凯恩斯主义的有关论述,认为解决产能过剩完全靠市场调节是行不通的,事前调节比事后调节效果好。因此,要有效解决产能过剩问题,必须重视事前调节,在充分发挥市场机制的调节作用的基础上,注重计划调节的作用,各种调节手段多管齐下。 In recent years, overcapacity in our country has offered us a question worth pondering over under the conditions of a socialist market economy, how to avoid the overcapacity problem that China has never encountered in the past. This essay reviews the related discourses of Marxism and Keynesianism and holds that it is impracticable to solve the problem of overcapacity solely by market regulation and that ex ante regulation is better than ex post adjustment. Therefore, to effectively solve the problem of overcapacity, we must pay attention to ex ante adjustment. On the basis of giving full play to the regulatory role of the market mechanism, we should pay attention to the role of program regulation and make various regulatory measures in a multi-pronged approach.